Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is cancer affecting white blood cells. It occurs when too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) are produced in the bone marrow. This excessive production can cause the bone marrow to become overcrowded, leading to anemia, infections, and other health issues. CLL is usually diagnosed through blood tests and bone marrow tests. Treatments for CLL include chemotherapy and targeted therapy. There is no cure for CLL, but treatments can help manage symptoms and prolong life.
Two main types of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are B-cell CLL and T-cell CLL. B-cell CLL is the most common type, accounting for about 95 percent of cases. T-cell CLL is less common and accounts for about 5 percent of all cases.
What is leukemia?
Leukemia is cancer affecting blood cells in which the body produces abnormal white blood cells. Though it is more common in adults over 65, it can affect people of any age. Symptoms of leukemia can include fatigue, fever, weight loss, anemia, and bruising or bleeding easily. Treatment for leukemia depends on the type of leukemia and the individual patient but may include chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
What is chronic leukemia?
Chronic leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the body’s blood-forming tissues, such as the bone marrow and lymph nodes. It develops more slowly than acute leukemia and typically progresses over months and years rather than days and weeks. Chronic leukemias are usually divided into two categories: chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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What is lymphocytic leukemia?
Lymphocytic leukemia is a type of cancer affecting the body’s white blood cells (lymphocytes). It is a form of leukemia, a type of blood and bone marrow cancer. In lymphocytic leukemia, the body produces an abnormally high number of white blood cells called lymphocytes. These cells are immature and unable to fight infection, leading to a weakened immune system.
Lymphocytic leukemia symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, bone pain, night sweats, and fever. Treatment typically involves chemotherapy, radiation, and bone marrow transplant.
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The common form of CLL
Prolymphocytic leukemia
Prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) is a rare, aggressive type of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is characterized by large numbers of prolymphocytes, a type of lymphocyte, circulating in the blood. PLL is most common in adults over the age of 60 and is more common in males than females. The cause of PLL is unknown, but it is thought to be linked to a chromosomal abnormality. Treatment for PLL involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplantation.
Large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia
LGL is a rare type of cancer affecting a white blood cell type called large granular lymphocytes (LGLs). LGL leukemia usually occurs in adults aged 60 or older. It is characterized by increased abnormal LGLs in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Symptoms of LGL leukemia vary from person to person. However, they can include fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, fever, and enlarged lymph nodes. Treatment for LGL leukemia may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplantation.
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
HCL is a rare type of blood cancer that affects white blood cells called B-lymphocytes. It is slow-growing cancer that can cause symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, and spleen enlargement. Treatment options for HCL include chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy, and splenectomy. The outlook for HCL is generally good, with most patients living for more than ten years after diagnosis.
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